Objective: This US retrospective cohort study compared the real-world effectiveness of canagliflozin 300 mg versus dapagliflozin 10 mg on HbAlc reduction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).; Methods: Patients initiated on canagliflozin 300 mg or dapagliflozin 10 mg were identified from de-identified claims data in the Optum Clinformatics database (1 January 2014-30 September 2016). Propensity score matching was used to create balanced cohorts. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with HbA1c < 8.0% (HEDIS target); secondary outcomes included the proportion of patients with HbAlc < 7.0% (ADA target) and > 9.0% (HEDIS poor control), absolute change in HbAlc, and treatment patterns.; Results: At 6 months post-index (intent-to-treat population), a significantly higher proportion of patients in the canagliflozin 300 mg versus dapagliflozin 10 mg cohort achieved HbAlc < 8.0% (70.8% vs. 59.1%; OR [95% CI]: 1.60 [1.26, 2.04]; p = .0001) and HbAlc < 7.0% (36.7% vs. 25.1%; OR [95% CI]: 1.75 [1.34, 2.27]; p < .0001). A similar proportion of patients had HbAlc > 9.0%. Mean HbAlc reduction was -1.17% with canagliflozin 300 mg and -0.91% with dapagliflozin 10 mg (difference of -0.26%; p = .0049). HbAlc results from a sensitivity analysis in the on-treatment population were consistent with the primary analysis. Patients in the canagliflozin 300 mg versus dapagliflozin 10 mg cohort were less likely to discontinue treatment (OR [95% CI]: 0.75 [0.57, 0.99]; p = .0400) or switch medication (OR [95% CI]: 0.72 [0.54, 0.96]; p = .0229).; Conclusions: In this real-world study, patients with T2DM initiated on canagliflozin 300 mg had better HbAlc goal attainment and larger HbAlc reduction than patients initiated on dapagliflozin 10 mg.
