Del Buono MG, Garmendia CM, Seropian IM, Gonzalez G, Berrocal DH, Biondi-Zoccai G, Trankle CR, Bucciarelli-Ducci C, Thiele H, Lavie CJ, Crea F, Abbate A
Abstract
ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) remains a significant source of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite advances in treat-ment leading to a significant reduction in the early complications and in-hospital mortality, a significant proportion of STEMI survivors develop heart failure (HF) at follow-up. The classic paradigm of HF after STEMI is one characterized by left ventricular adverse remodeling (LVAR) and encompasses the pro-cess of regional and global structural and functional changes that occur in the heart as a consequence of loss of viable myocardium, increased wall stress and neurohormonal activation, and results in HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). More recently, however, with further improvements in the treatment of STEMI the incidence and entity of LVAR appear to be largely reduced, yet the risk for HF following STEMI is not abolished and remains substantial, iden-tifying a new paradigm by which patients with STEMI present with HF and preserved EF (HFpEF) charac-terized by reduction of diastolic or systolic reserve independent of LVAR.
